Bagaimanakah Cara Penularan HIV atau AIDS?

>Hello Sohib EditorOnline, we would like to discuss about the ways HIV or AIDS can be transmitted. It is important to know how HIV can be spread to prevent its transmission and avoid the further spread of the virus. Here are the ways HIV can be transmitted:

Hubungan Seksual

The most common way HIV can be transmitted is through sexual intercourse with an infected partner. This includes vaginal, anal or oral sex. HIV can be present in semen, vaginal fluids and blood which are exchanged during sexual activities. Unprotected sex is the biggest risk factor for HIV transmission.

It is important to use condoms correctly every time you have sex to prevent the transmission of HIV as well as other STDs. Practice safe sex by limiting the number of sexual partners and getting regular STD testing.

Can HIV be transmitted through kissing?

No, HIV cannot be transmitted through kissing unless there are open sores or bleeding gums in the mouth. Saliva does not carry a sufficient amount of the virus to cause an infection.

Can HIV be transmitted through oral sex?

Yes, HIV can be transmitted through oral sex. Although the risk of transmission through oral sex is lower than vaginal or anal sex, it can still occur especially if there are sores, cuts or bleeding gums in the mouth.

Reducing the risk of transmission during oral sex can be done by using a condom or dental dam (a thin piece of latex used to cover the vulva or anus during oral sex).

Peralatan Medis dan Jarum Suntik

HIV can be transmitted through sharing needles or syringes with someone who is infected. This is commonly seen in people who inject drugs. The virus can be present in the blood and sharing needles can easily transmit the virus from one person to another.

It is important for healthcare professionals to use new and sterile equipment for every patient to prevent the transmission of HIV and other blood-borne viruses.

Can HIV be transmitted through blood transfusion?

Although rare, HIV can be transmitted through blood transfusions with infected blood. However, this is no longer a concern as blood supplies are routinely screened for HIV and other infectious diseases before they are used for transfusions.

Ibu ke Bayi

A pregnant woman who is infected with HIV can transmit the virus to her baby during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding. However, with proper medical care, the risk of transmission can be greatly reduced.

Antiretroviral medication can be given to the pregnant woman to reduce the amount of HIV in her blood and lower the risk of transmission to the baby. Delivery by caesarean section can also reduce the risk of transmission. Formula feeding rather than breastfeeding is recommended to prevent the transmission of HIV to the baby.

Hubungan Sosial

HIV cannot be transmitted through casual contact such as hugging, shaking hands or sharing food or drinks. Saliva does not carry enough virus to cause an infection and the virus cannot survive outside the body.

Stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV can lead to social isolation which can impact mental health and quality of life. It is important to educate yourself and others about HIV and that everyone deserves to be treated with respect and dignity regardless of their HIV status.

Kesimpulan

Knowing how HIV is transmitted is important for prevention and reducing the spread of the virus. Practice safe sex by using condoms and limit the number of sexual partners. Do not share needles or other medical equipment. Pregnant women should receive proper medical care to reduce the risk of transmission to their babies. And remember, people living with HIV should not be stigmatized or discriminated against.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

Bagaimanakah Cara Penularan HIV atau AIDS?