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Hello Sohib EditorOnline, in this journal article, we will discuss about the workings of a borehole. A borehole is a narrow shaft drilled into the ground to access underground water. This method is commonly used in places where there is a scarcity of surface water. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the process of drilling a borehole and the equipment used in the process.

What is a Borehole?

A borehole is a narrow shaft drilled into the ground to access underground water. This method is commonly used in places where there is a scarcity of surface water. Boreholes can be drilled in various types of ground conditions such as sand, clay, and rock. The depth of the borehole depends on the availability of water in the ground and the water requirements of the user.

The diameter of the borehole can vary from 2 inches to 12 inches, and it can go as deep as 1000 feet. The water is pumped from the borehole using pumps and stored in tanks for use. The water from boreholes is generally cleaner than surface water as it gets filtered through the ground before reaching the borehole.

How is a Borehole Drilled?

The process of drilling a borehole involves several steps. Let’s take a look at each of these steps in detail:

Step 1: Site Assessment

The first step in drilling a borehole is to assess the site to determine the location of the borehole. The site is surveyed to determine the best location for the borehole based on factors such as accessibility, water availability, and the depth of the water table. The site is also assessed for the type of ground conditions to determine the type of drilling equipment to be used.

Step 2: Drilling Rig Setup

Once the site has been assessed and the location of the borehole has been determined, the drilling rig is set up at the site. The rig is placed on a stable platform to prevent it from tipping over during drilling. The drilling rig is a large machine that is used to drill the borehole.

Step 3: Drilling the Borehole

The drilling process begins with drilling a small pilot hole into the ground. This hole is then enlarged using the drilling rig and drill bits of increasing size until the desired diameter is reached. As the hole is drilled, a pipe is inserted into the hole to prevent it from collapsing. This pipe is called a casing, and it provides structural support to the borehole.

Step 4: Installing the Pump

Once the borehole has been drilled to the desired depth, the pump is installed. The pump is lowered into the borehole on a pipe and connected to an electric motor on the surface. The pump is used to extract water from the borehole and pump it to the surface.

Step 5: Testing the Borehole

After the borehole has been drilled and the pump has been installed, the borehole is tested to determine the yield of water. The yield is the amount of water that can be extracted from the borehole over a period of time. The yield of the borehole is dependent on several factors such as the depth of the borehole, the hardness of the ground, and the amount of rainfall in the area.

Equipment Used in Borehole Drilling

Several types of equipment are used in borehole drilling. Let’s take a look at each of these equipment in detail:

Drilling Rig

The drilling rig is a large machine that is used to drill the borehole. The rig consists of a mast, which supports the drilling operation, a power source, which provides the energy for drilling, and a drill string, which is the combination of the drill bit, drill rods, and casing used to drill the borehole.

Drill Bits

Drill bits are the cutting tools used to drill the borehole. These bits come in different sizes and shapes depending on the type of ground being drilled. The drill bits are made of high-quality steel to withstand the rigors of drilling.

Pumps

Pumps are used to extract water from the borehole and pump it to the surface. These pumps can be submersible or surface-mounted depending on the depth of the borehole and the amount of water to be extracted.

Casings

Casings are pipes that are inserted into the borehole as it is drilled to prevent it from collapsing. These pipes provide structural support to the borehole and prevent it from caving in.

Compressors

Compressors are used to power the drilling rig. These machines provide compressed air to the drilling rig, which is used to power the drilling process.

FAQs about Borehole Drilling

Conclusion

Borehole drilling is an essential process for accessing underground water in places where there is a scarcity of surface water. The process involves several steps such as site assessment, drilling rig setup, drilling the borehole, installing the pump, and testing the borehole. Various equipment such as drilling rigs, drill bits, pumps, casings, and compressors are used in the process. By understanding the workings of a borehole, we can ensure that we have access to clean and safe water for our daily needs.

Cara Kerja Sumur Bor